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Definition of:.NET Framework
An application software platform from Microsoft, introduced in 2002 and commonly called .NET ("dot net"). The .NET platform is similar in purpose to the Java EE platform, and like Java's JVM runtime engine, .NET's runtime engine must be installed in the computer in order to run .NET applications. .NET supports SOAP-based Web services as well as Microsoft's legacy Component Object Model (see COM).
.NET Programming Languages
NET is similar to Java because it uses an intermediate bytecode language that can be executed on any hardware platform that has a runtime engine. It is also unlike Java, as it provides support for multiple programming languages. Microsoft languages are C# (C Sharp), J# (J Sharp), Managed C++, JScript.NET and Visual Basic.NET. Other languages have been reengineered in the European version of .NET, called the Common Language Infrastructure (see CLI). See C# and J#.
.NET compilers generate Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL) bytecode, which is executed by the .NET Common Language Runtime engine (see CLR).
.NET Versions
.NET Framework 1.0 introduced the Common Language Runtime (CLR) and .NET Framework 2.0 added enhancements. .NET Framework 3.0 included the Windows programming interface (API) originally known as "WinFX," which is backward compatible with the Win32 API. .NET Framework 3.0 added the following four subsystems and was installed with Windows, starting with Vista. .NET Framework 3.5 added enhancements and introduced a client-only version (see .NET Framework Client Profile). .NET Framework 4.0 added parallel processing and language enhancements. See CLR and CLI.
The User Interface (WPF)
Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF) provides the user interface. It takes advantage of advanced 3D graphics found in many computers to display a transparent, glass-like appearance. See Windows Presentation Foundation.
Messaging (WCF)
Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) enables applications to communicate with each other locally and remotely, integrating local messaging with Web services. See Windows Communication Foundation.
Workflow (WWF)
Windows Workflow Foundation (WWF) is used to integrate applications and automate tasks. Workflow structures can be defined in the XML Application Markup Language. See Windows Workflow Foundation.
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